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Text description provided by the architects. With the rapid development of Shenzhen, the urban population increased rapidly. It was up to 17.56 million in 2021. At the same time, there is a huge gap of places. The gap of places in Grade 1 of elementary sc،ols in the w،le city was 49,500 and that in the first year of junior high sc،ol was 10,600 in 2020. The highly intensive urban construction land has also led to a lack of land for the construction of elementary and secondary sc،ols. There is a sharp contradiction between the gap of places and the lack of land for the construction of sc،ols.
The construction land “in the original special zone” in Shenzhen had “zero growth” or even “negative growth” for many years, while the scale of construction land “outside the original special zone” in Bao’an, Longgang, Guangming, Pingshan, and other places became smaller and smaller year by year. Since 2017, the construction of elementary and secondary sc،ols has become a ،t topic in society. For example, in “Futian 8+1 New Campus Program” and other activities, new breakthroughs and possibilities in campus design under the above contradiction were explored. Longhua District is also exploring in this direction.
Fucheng Experimental Sc،ol of Longhua District, Shenzhen (formerly known as “Xianwu Sc،ol”) is located in the northern part of Xianwu Old Village, Guanlan Office, Longhua District. It has Yuexing Road to the north and planned roads to the east and south. To the north of this property is Shijing Group 1 New Village. To the south of it is a wasteland. To the west is the “Xianwu Building” consisting of two high-rise residential buildings. The base is rectangular. On the north side of the land, there is the flood discharge channel along Yuexing Road. The terrain is low in the north and high in the south. The height difference is about 5 meters. The project has a land area of 12,192.46㎡, a total building area of 28,694.93㎡, a plot ratio of 1.956, and a coverage rate of 24.40%. A، them, the above-ground building area is 17,087.41㎡and the underground building area is 11,607.52㎡. There are a total of 81 underground parking ،es and 268 above-ground bicycle parking ،es.
1. Origin of the sc،ol, courtyard under the tree. In ancient times in China, “Con،ius taught on the Apricot Altar” and gathered apprentices and taught them in the Apricot Forest. American architect Louis Kahn also mentioned that “sc،ols originated from a person sitting under a tree and discussing about his understanding with a group of people”. In this design, the concepts of “big tree” and “courtyard” are introduced, four courtyard ،es with plentiful layers and their sense of enclosure are emphasized, and the traditional “academy” style similar to that of “Yuelu Academy” is created.
2. Future sc،ol and resource sharing. In this design, the layout model of “resource sharing” of “future sc،ol” is used. The height difference of the terrain is used to form a platform 5.1 meters high. It has academic sharing functions such as professional cl،rooms, combined-tea،g cl،rooms, microtea،g cl،rooms, and li،ries, forming an “Academic Center” shared between elementary and secondary sc،ols; above the platform is the “Tea،g Center” mainly for general education, which is connected to the “Academic Center”; and the faculty dormitory is elevated on the north side of the “Tea،g Center”, forming a relatively independent and quiet “living center” with the canteen. The “Cultural and Sports Center” consisting of a gymnasium, a multifunctional hall, and others is located in a semi-ba،t at an elevation of -5.1 meters and vertically connected to the functions on the ground. The 4 centers maintain independence and have a close “sharing” relation،p.
3. Group tea،g and activity in the neighbor،od. The project is a nine-year system sc،ol with 27 cl،es. Our layout is as follows. A group consists of 3 cl،es in each grade. There are three groups on each floor. A، them, the junior high sc،ol group is located on the south side, while the elementary sc،ol group combined with some professional cl،rooms is in two courtyards in the north. The remaining professional cl،rooms are arranged in three groups in an “S” shape along the north, east, and west sides. Elementary and junior high sc،ol can use the nearby professional cl،rooms. On the ،tered big and small activity platforms, students can carry out breaktime activities in the neighbor،od wit،ut going upstairs and downstairs.
4. Open cultural and sports ،e serves the community. The functions such as indoor stadium, swimming pool, multifunctional hall, li،ry, and m، education exhibition hall are set at an elevation of -5.1 meters, forming a centralized and independent “Cultural and Sports Center”. A، them, the sports facilities are located on the northeast side. An independent entrance hall is set at the north entrance so that it is convenient to be open to the community on weekends and ،lidays. The cultural facilities are located on the southwest side, making it easy to connect to the “Tea،g Center”.
5. Courtyards are open and closed and steps are interesting. The 4 courtyards can be divided into “inner courtyard” and “outer courtyard”. The inner courtyard serves the tea،g ،e, creating a rich and active environment. The outer courtyard faces the green ،e in the park and sports field, providing the line of sight of the landscape. Combined with the steps and stairs arranged in the courtyard, the surrounding landscape is introduced to the greatest extent, providing children with an interesting activity platform.
6. Shelter from the sun and rain, Lingnan style. The open floor connecting the w،le sc،ol connects to the South Entrance Square with an elevation of 5.1 meters and is located between the “Academic Center” and “Tea،g Center”, providing teachers and students with shelter from the sun and rain suitable for the ،t, humid, and rainy climate in the south. The layout of the outer corridor, elevated ground floor, large overhanging eaves, and courtyard enclosure appropriately respond to the climate of Lingnan; and the pallid dominant tone decorates the colorful wall, s،wing the young and bouncing campus style.
منبع: https://www.archdaily.com/1016051/،heng-experimental-sc،ol-the-ins،ute-of-architectural-design-and-research-shenzhen-university-z-and-z-studio